3/07/2008

How can I create two classes that both know about each other?

Use a forward declaration.

Sometimes you must create two classes that use each other. This is called a circular dependency. For example:

class Fred {
public:
Barney* foo();
// Error: Unknown symbol 'Barney'
};

class Barney {
public:
Fred* bar();
};

The Fred class has a member function that returns a Barney*, and the Barney class has a member function that returns a Fred. You may inform the compiler about the existence of a class or structure by using a "forward declaration":

class Barney;

This line must appear before the declaration of class Fred. It simply informs the compiler that the name Barney is a class, and further it is a promise to the compiler that you will eventually supply a complete definition of that class.

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